How to Repair Timber Windows
Timber windows can be an attractive feature of a house. However, with time and exposure to extreme weather conditions, they can start to deteriorate.
Instead of replacing wooden window frames, it's much more beneficial to do repairs. This will help save money and will also help the building retain its character.
Repairing rotten wood
Window frames made of wood are constantly exposed to the elements and are among of the first components of a house to exhibit signs of damage and damp. Fortunately, decayed wood can often be repaired and dealt with quickly. The key is to identify the issue and act before it worsens, or worse damage may occur.
It's important to first assess the extent of the rot and determine if it is able to be salvaged. A thorough external survey is usually a good way to start, checking for damaged roof tiles or slates, blocked guttering, and defective damp proof course (DPC). It's also a good idea to check the inside of the home including basements and cellars and joists that end in non-cavity walls.
Once you have identified the area affected by the rot, it is essential to get rid of the wood that has rotted as much as possible. This will lessen the damage and make the repairs easier. The next step is to make use of a pry bar, or a clawed hammer to remove as much of the rotten timber as you can. This can be a bit difficult however, if you insert the clawed end of the pry bar into the corner and pushing it against the healthy wood, you will be able to create enough force to rip the old timber.
Ensure that you leave a clear space between the woods when you are removing the decayed wood. This will stop moisture from getting into the gap and causing damage to the timbers around it. It's also worth removing any nails and other debris from the affected area to minimise the risk of leaks in the future and damage.
Epoxy or wood filler can be used to repair the remaining boards after removing the rotten wood. This is a simple and relatively cheap solution for repair of wood rot on timber windows, and can be easily sanded and then painted to match the existing frame.
If the rot is serious, it might be cheaper to replace the whole window frame, particularly if you want a long-term fix that will stop further water penetration. It is also advisable to contact an expert wood window repair service to find out what options are available for you.
Splicing or scarfing
Timber windows are a traditional option for older buildings and listed houses, but they can also be used to upgrade new properties. Although they cost more, they offer long-term benefits and add value.
They can be made in any size and are durable. They are also extremely easy to retrofit with insulated glass units (IGUs) and offer excellent thermal performance. However, they do require regular maintenance, particularly painting.
There are two main types of timber: hardwoods and softwoods. Hardwoods are broad-leafed deciduous trees with complex cellular structures. This gives them good stability in terms of size. Softwoods are derived from needle-leaf or coniferous trees and their cellular structure is much simpler.
Traditional structural joints in timber frames were made by mortices and Tenons or comb joints. These joints are secured by nailing or pinning to the frame and are not bonded using adhesive. Over time, water ingress freely passes between sections of timber, which can cause staining or rot. Poor workmanship can contribute to this. Fixtures that aren't properly placed or covered can allow moisture enter the frame. If this is allowed to happen it could result in water deposits and rust staining on window boards.
Replacing timber sash windows with uPVC is generally not an choice, especially for historic and listed buildings, as they undermine the integrity of the building. Furthermore, uPVC windows have a short lifespan and eventually end up in landfill.
Modern timbers like Accoya and Red Grandis are treated and impregnated, so that they are immune to the effects of weather conditions and insects. These windows can last a lifetime when they are maintained and painted correctly. They can also be fitted with burglar-proof glass that increases the force needed to open the windows and makes them more difficult to break.
While replacing timber sash windows with uPVC might be less expensive initially but it's not a viable option for older or listed buildings as it will ruin the property's integrity and could be in violation of planning permission. Additionally, uPVC can be very drafty and have a short time before they begin to degrade and require replacement.
Filling in cracks and splinters
With the proper care and attention timber windows can last for many years. They can enhance the appearance of a building, provide decoration, and fulfill their primary purpose, which is to keep the building warm and dry. As with all things, they could be susceptible to wear and tear when this happens, it is vital that they are treated and repaired.
Wood rot is the most common problem that can be found in timber windows and doors, and it's not just a case of replacing rotten parts. When a frame is damaged by rot, it can be very difficult to repair. This is why it's crucial to perform regular checks on your timber windows, especially before winter. They are susceptible to being damaged by cold temperatures and the pounding rain.
If a window is removed it's important to make an inventory of the condition of the frames and identifying any areas that are seriously damaged. This will save you time and money as the process of restoration is much more straightforward. It can also reduce the expense of replacing a whole window.
If you are looking to replace a damaged piece of a timber window it is recommended to splice or wrap in a new piece well-seasoned wood instead of trying to repair the existing one. This can be accomplished by cutting the damaged area to a minimum of 5cm above the point of rot or by removing the whole sash and splicing in the new piece of wood.
The final step is treating the wood with a preservative. This is to prevent moisture from entering the wood, which can cause it to decay and weaken the frame's structure. It is important to paint your windows regularly if you do not plan to treat them.
Most timber windows can be repaired by a handy DIYer. If the sashes have been damaged or the internal linings have been damaged, it might be required for the window to be taken apart and rebuilt. A broken counterbalance cord on double-hung windows is one of the more difficult problems to fix, as it can only be fixed by removing the sashes from the frame and disassembling it.
Painting
A good paint job will do wonders for your timber windows. It can make windows appear fresh and new. However, it can also keep them in good health by covering any issues with rot or any other. Before you begin painting however, ensure that the wood is completely dry. Moisture can cause decay that is wet. If you are not sure, try a wood moisture meter to determine the moisture content of the timber. Even when the wood feels and looks dry, moisture may be present. It is important to know how to tell if your window frames have wet rot.
It is a good idea to wipe the entire frame with a damp soft cloth prior to painting. This will remove any oil or grease marks. This will ensure that you don't just scatter the dirt all over and makes cleaning simpler. If you have window handles, it's important to take them off and set them aside. This will allow you to work with the frames, without having to worry about breaking the glass.
Apply a thin layer of primer using a clean, dry brush once you are ready. This will give the surface a bit more depth and will prepare it for the top coat of paint. Let upvc window repair near me and then lightly sand it with fine sandpaper to create an even finish.
The first coat of paint is now applied. Paint in an even, thin layer. After the paint is dry and you have sanded it, do it again and then apply the second coat.
Repeat this process until you are satisfied with the color and appearance of your window. Be aware that you may have to paint your timber windows approximately every 6-10 years, dependent on their location and the amount of sun they receive. A regular maintenance schedule is a good idea to keep them looking and performing as long as possible.